Pedwar diben y cwricwlwm
Mae pedwar diben y cwricwlwm, fel yr amlinellir yn Dyfodol Llwyddiannus, wedi bod yn sail i’r holl waith o gynllunio a datblygu Cwricwlwm i Gymru 2022. Dyma’r man cychwyn ar gyfer pob penderfyniad am Gwricwlwm i Gymru 2022 a dylid dylunio a llywio cwricwla ar lefel ysgol yn unol â’r pedwar diben hwn. Mae ‘cwricwlwm’ yn cynnwys yr holl brofiadau dysgu a gweithgareddau asesu a gynlluniwyd er mwyn cyflawni pedwar diben y cwricwlwm, sef datblygu plant a phobl ifanc i fod yn:
- ddysgwyr uchelgeisiol, galluog sy’n barod i ddysgu drwy gydol eu hoes
- cyfranwyr mentrus, creadigol sy’n barod i chwarae eu rhan yn llawn yn eu bywyd a’u gwaith
- dinasyddion egwyddorol, gwybodus Cymru a’r byd
- unigolion iach, hyderus sy’n barod i fyw bywyd gan wireddu eu dyheadau fel aelodau gwerthfawr o gymdeithas.
Mae Cwricwlwm i Gymru 2022 wedi’i gynllunio i helpu pob dysgwr i wireddu’r pedwar diben hwn. Mae pob diben yn fwy na phennawd; fe’u disgrifir hefyd yn nhermau nodweddion allweddol. Dylent, yn eu cyfanrwydd, fod yn sail i’r holl addysgu a dysgu yng Nghymru.
Bwriedir i ganllawiau Cwricwlwm i Gymru 2022 gynorthwyo athrawon ac ymarferwyr a gweithwyr proffesiynol ym myd addysg i fanteisio ar yr ymreolaeth i wneud penderfyniadau ar lefel ysgol o fewn fframwaith cyffredin, a chynllunio a datblygu cwricwla sy’n berthnasol i gyd-destun ac anghenion penodol dysgwyr. Mae hyn hefyd yn berthnasol i leoliadau a ariennir nas cynhelir.
Mae Cwricwlwm i Gymru 2022 hefyd wedi’i ddatblygu i adlewyrchu’r cryfderau y mae’r Cyfnod Sylfaen wedi eu cyfrannu i addysg yng Nghymru. Bydd ethos, egwyddorion ac addysgeg y Cyfnod Sylfaen yn parhau i fod yn ganolog i addysg y blynyddoedd cynnar ac maent wedi’u hymgorffori ar draws Cwricwlwm i Gymru 2022 er mwyn sicrhau ei fod yn briodol ac yn hygyrch i bob ymarferydd a dysgwr.
The four purposes of the curriculum
The four purposes of the curriculum, as set out in Successful Futures, have guided the whole design and development of Curriculum for Wales 2022. They are the starting point for all decisions in respect of Curriculum for Wales 2022 and school-level curricula should be designed and guided by these same four purposes. ‘Curriculum’ includes all the learning experiences and assessment activities planned in pursuit of the four purposes of the curriculum, which are to develop children and young people as:
- ambitious, capable learners, ready to learn throughout their lives
- enterprising, creative contributors, ready to play a full part in life and work
- ethical, informed citizens of Wales and the world
- healthy, confident individuals, ready to lead fulfilling lives as valued members of society.
Curriculum for Wales 2022 is designed to help all learners realise these four purposes. Each purpose is more than a headline; it is also described in terms of key characteristics. In their entirety they should underpin all teaching and learning in Wales.
The Curriculum for Wales 2022 guidance has been designed to assist teacher agency and support education professionals and practitioners to enjoy the autonomy to make school-level decisions within a common framework, and to design and develop curricula relevant to the context and specific needs of learners. This also applies to funded non-maintained settings.
Curriculum for Wales 2022 has also been developed to reflect the strengths that the Foundation Phase has brought to education in Wales. The Foundation Phase ethos, principles and pedagogy will continue to be central to the delivery of early years education and have been incorporated across Curriculum for Wales 2022 to ensure it is appropriate and accessible for all practitioners and learners.